DevSecOps Blueprint: from Vulnerability Management and Security-by-Design to Pipeline Integrity

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DevSecOps Blueprint: from Vulnerability Management and Security-by-Design to Pipeline Integrity

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My GitHub API Access Token leaked! What should I do?

What is a GitHub API Access Token and how it is used?

An GitHub API Access Token is a unique string of characters that allows a user or application to authenticate and interact with the GitHub API on behalf of a specific account. It is used to securely access and manage resources such as repositories, issues, and pull requests.

GitHub API Access Token is used for:

  • Authenticating and authorizing API requests: Developers use the token to authenticate themselves and authorize their requests to interact with GitHub's API.
  • Automating workflows: Access tokens can be used to automate various workflows, such as creating or updating repositories, managing issues, and deploying code.
  • Integrating with third-party tools: Developers can use access tokens to integrate GitHub with third-party tools and services, enabling seamless collaboration and automation.

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1. Code snippets to prevent GitHub API Access Token hardcoding using environment variables

Using environment variables for storing sensitive information like GitHub API Access Tokens in code is considered a secure practice for the following reasons:

  • Environment variables are not hardcoded in the codebase, reducing the risk of accidental exposure through version control systems or code repositories.
  • Environment variables are stored outside of the codebase and are not visible in the code itself, making it harder for attackers to access sensitive information.
  • Environment variables can be managed separately from the codebase, allowing for easier rotation of tokens and better control over access to sensitive information.
  • Environment variables are specific to the environment in which the code is running, providing an additional layer of security by keeping sensitive information isolated from the application logic.

How to secure your secrets using environment variables

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2. Code snippet to prevent GitHub API Access Token hardcoding using AWS Secrets Manager

Using AWS Secrets Manager to manage GitHub API Access Tokens is a secure way to handle sensitive data. Here are code snippets in five different programming languages that demonstrate how to retrieve the GitHub API Access Token from AWS Secrets Manager.

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3. Code snippet to prevent GitHub API Access Token hardcoding using HashiCorp Vault

Using HashiCorp Vault for managing GitHub API Access Tokens is a great way to enhance security. Here are code snippets in five different programming languages for securely handling a GitHub API Access Token using HashiCorp Vault.

Remember to replace the VAULT_ADDR and VAULT_TOKEN with your Vault server address and authentication token. The snippets assume that the GitHub API Access Token is stored under the api_key field within Vault. The specifics of the Vault path and field names should be adjusted to match your Vault setup.

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4. Code snippet to prevent GitHub API Access Token hardcoding using CyberArk Conjur

Using CyberArk Conjur to manage GitHub API Access Token is a secure way to handle sensitive data. Here are code snippets in five different programming languages that demonstrate how to retrieve the GitHub API Access Token from CyberArk Conjur.

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How to generate a GitHub API Access Token?

To generate a GitHub API Access Token, follow these steps:

  1. Log in to your GitHub account.
  2. Click on your profile icon in the top right corner and select "Settings".
  3. In the left sidebar, click on "Developer settings".
  4. From the dropdown menu, select "Personal access tokens".
  5. Click on the "Generate new token" button.
  6. Give your token a descriptive name and select the desired scopes or permissions.
  7. Click on the "Generate token" button at the bottom of the page.
  8. Copy the generated token and store it securely. Once you navigate away from the page, you won't be able to see it again.

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My GitHub API Access Token leaked, what are the possible reasons?

There are several reasons why a GitHub API Access Token might have been leaked:

  • Accidental inclusion in code that is publicly accessible, such as in a GitHub repository or a public forum.
  • Improper storage or handling of the token, such as storing it in a plaintext file or hardcoding it in code.
  • Using the token in a public-facing application without proper security measures in place.
  • Sharing the token with unauthorized individuals or third-party services.
  • Falling victim to phishing attacks or social engineering tactics that lead to the disclosure of the token.

What are the risks of leaking a GitHub API Access Token

When it comes to GitHub API Access Tokens, it is crucial for developers to understand the risks associated with leaking them. Here are some specific risks:

  • Unauthorized Access: If a GitHub API Access Token is leaked, unauthorized individuals or malicious actors could potentially gain access to sensitive information or perform actions on behalf of the token owner.
  • Data Breaches: Leaking a GitHub API Access Token could lead to data breaches, exposing confidential data stored in repositories or other GitHub resources.
  • Financial Loss: In some cases, leaked tokens could be used to incur financial losses by making unauthorized purchases or transactions.
  • Reputation Damage: A security breach resulting from a leaked token can damage the reputation of the token owner or the organization they represent, leading to loss of trust from users or customers.

It is essential for developers to prioritize the security of their GitHub API Access Tokens by following best practices such as securely storing and managing them, avoiding hardcoding tokens in code repositories, and regularly monitoring for any unauthorized access or suspicious activities.

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GitHub API Access Token security best practices

  • Avoid embedding the secret directly in your code. Instead, use environment variables or secrets managers
  • Secure storage: store the GitHub API Access Token in a secure location, such as a password manager or a secrets management service.
  • Regular rotation: periodically rotate the API key to minimize the risk of long-term exposure.
  • Restrict permissions: apply the principle of least privilege by only granting the key the minimum necessary permissions.
  • Monitor usage: regularly check the usage logs for any unusual activity or unauthorized access attempts.
  • Implement access controls: limit the number of users who have access to the secret and enforce strong authentication measures.
  • Use a secrets manager: utilize secret management tools like CyberArk or AWS Secrets Manager for enhanced security.

By adhering to the best practices, you can significantly reduce the risk associated with GitHub API Access Token usage and improve the overall security of your GitHub API Access Token implementations.

Exposing secrets on GitHub: What to do after leaking Credential and API keys

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GitHub API Access Token leak remediation: what to do

What to do if you expose a secret: How to stay calm and respond to an incident [cheat sheet included]

How to check if GitHub API Access Token was used by malicious actors

  • Review Access Logs: Check the access logs of your GitHub API Access Token account for any unauthorized access or unusual activity. Pay particular attention to access from unfamiliar IP addresses (if you haven’t set up a specific allow list) or at odd hours.
  • Monitor Usage Patterns: Look for anomalies in the usage patterns, such as unexpected spikes in data access or transfer.
  • Check Active Connections and Operations: Review the list of active connections and recent operations on your database. Unusual or unauthorized operations might indicate malicious use.
  • Audit API Usage: If possible, audit the usage of your API key through any logging or monitoring services you have integrated with GitHub API Access Token. This can give insights into any unauthorized use of your key.

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Steps to revoke the GitHub API Access Token

Generate a new GitHub API Access Token:

  • Log into your GitHub API Access Token account.
  • Navigate to the API section and generate a new API key.

Update Services with the new key:

  • Replace the compromised key with the new key in all your services that use this API key.
  • Ensure all your applications and services are updated with the new key before deactivating the old one.

Deactivate the old GitHub API Access Token:

  • Once the new key is in place and everything is functioning correctly, deactivate the old API key.
  • This can typically be done from the same section where you generated the new key.

Monitor after key rotation:

  • After deactivating the old key, monitor your systems closely to ensure that all services are running smoothly and that there are no unauthorized access attempts.

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How to understand which services will stop working

  • Inventory of services: keep an inventory of all services and applications that utilize your GitHub API Access Token.
  • Communication and documentation: Ensure that your team is aware of which services are dependent on the key. Maintain documentation for quick reference.
  • Testing: before deactivating the old key, test your services with the new key in a staging environment. This helps in identifying any services that might face issues post rotation.
  • Fallback strategies: Have a fallback or emergency plan in case a critical service fails after the key rotation. This might include temporary measures or quick rollback procedures.

In summary, the remediation process involves identifying potential misuse, carefully rotating the key, and ensuring minimal disruption to services. Being proactive and having a well-documented process can greatly reduce the risks associated with a compromised API key.

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What about other secrets?

GitGuardian helps developers keep 350+ types of secrets out of source code. GitGuardian’s automated secrets detection and remediation solution secure every step of the development lifecycle, from code to cloud:

  • On developer workstations with git hooks (pre-commit and pre-push);
  • On code sharing platforms like GitHub, GitLab, and Bitbucket;
  • In CI environments (Circle CI, Travis CI, Jenkins CI, GitHub Actions, and many more);
  • In Docker images.

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Environment Variables
Environment Variables
Environment Variables

charge

nullable string

For card errors, the ID of the failed charge.

payment_method_type

nullable string

If the error is specific to the type of payment method, the payment method type that had a problem. This field is only populated for invoice-related errors.

doc_url

nullable string

A URL to more information about the error code reported.

request_log_url

nullable string

A URL to the request log entry in your dashboard.

charge

nullable string

If the error is specific to the type of payment method, the payment method type that had a problem. This field is only populated for invoice-related errors.

Hide
Show
child attributes

type

enum

For some errors that could be handled programmatically, a short string indicating the error code reported.

charge

nullable string

If the error is specific to the type of payment method, the payment method type that had a problem. This field is only populated for invoice-related errors.

Hide
Show
child attributes

type

enum

For some errors that could be handled programmatically, a short string indicating the error code reported.

payment_intent

nullable object

The PaymentIntent object for errors returned on a request involving a PaymentIntent.

setup_intent

nullable object

The SetupIntent object for errors returned on a request involving a SetupIntent.

Hide
Show
child attributes

type

enum

For some errors that could be handled programmatically, a short string indicating the error code reported.

Hide
Show
child attributes

type

enum

For some errors that could be handled programmatically, a short string indicating the error code reported.

CLIENT LIBRARIES

$ gem install stripe
$ pip install stripe
$ composer require stripe/stripe-php
MAVEN
<dependency>
  <groupId>com.stripe</groupId>
  <artifactId>stripe-java</artifactId>
  <version>24.16.0</version>
</dependency>

GRADLE
compile "com.stripe:stripe-java:24.16.0"
$ npm install --save stripe
$ go get github.com/stripe/stripe-go/v76
$ nuget install Stripe.net
SHOW
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