DevSecOps Blueprint: from Vulnerability Management and Security-by-Design to Pipeline Integrity

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DevSecOps Blueprint: from Vulnerability Management and Security-by-Design to Pipeline Integrity

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My Cloudinary API Key leaked! What should I do?

What is a Cloudinary API Key and how it is used?

The Cloudinary API Key is a unique identifier that allows access to the Cloudinary service, enabling developers to securely upload, store, manage, and deliver images and videos through the Cloudinary platform.

When using the Cloudinary API Key, developers typically utilize it for the following main use cases:

  • Accessing and managing media assets: The API Key is essential for developers to authenticate and access their media assets stored on Cloudinary, allowing them to upload, retrieve, update, and delete images and videos.
  • Integrating media management functionalities: Developers can use the API Key to integrate Cloudinary's media management functionalities into their applications, such as dynamic image resizing, transformations, and optimizations.
  • Securing media access: By leveraging the API Key, developers can ensure secure access to their media assets by controlling permissions and managing access levels for different users or applications.

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1. Code snippets to prevent Cloudinary API Key hardcoding using environment variables

Using environment variables for storing sensitive information such as Cloudinary API Keys is a secure practice because:

  • Environment variables are not hardcoded in the codebase, reducing the risk of accidental exposure in version control systems.
  • Environment variables are stored outside of the application code, making it harder for attackers to access them directly.
  • Environment variables can be easily managed and updated without the need to modify the code, enhancing security by minimizing the exposure of sensitive information.

How to secure your secrets using environment variables

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2. Code snippet to prevent Cloudinary API Key hardcoding using AWS Secrets Manager

Using AWS Secrets Manager to manage Cloudinary API Keys is a secure way to handle sensitive data. Here are code snippets in five different programming languages that demonstrate how to retrieve the Cloudinary API Key from AWS Secrets Manager.

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3. Code snippet to prevent Cloudinary API Key hardcoding using HashiCorp Vault

Using HashiCorp Vault for managing Cloudinary API Keys is a great way to enhance security. Here are code snippets in five different programming languages for securely handling a Cloudinary API Key using HashiCorp Vault.

Remember to replace the VAULT_ADDR and VAULT_TOKEN with your Vault server address and authentication token. The snippets assume that the Cloudinary API Key is stored under the api_key field within Vault. The specifics of the Vault path and field names should be adjusted to match your Vault setup.

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4. Code snippet to prevent Cloudinary API Key hardcoding using CyberArk Conjur

Using CyberArk Conjur to manage Cloudinary API Key is a secure way to handle sensitive data. Here are code snippets in five different programming languages that demonstrate how to retrieve the Cloudinary API Key from CyberArk Conjur.

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How to generate a Cloudinary API Key?

To generate a Cloudinary API Key, you need to follow these steps:

  1. Log in to your Cloudinary account.
  2. Go to the Dashboard.
  3. Click on the "Account Details" section.
  4. Under the "API Base URL" section, you will find your API Key.

For more detailed information and guidance on generating a Cloudinary API Key, you can refer to the official Cloudinary documentation at https://cloudinary.com/documentation/api_and_access_identifiers#api_key.

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My Cloudinary API Key leaked, what are the possible reasons?

There are several reasons why a Cloudinary API Key might have been leaked:

  • Improper storage: If the API Key is stored in plaintext in a code repository or configuration file that is publicly accessible, it can easily be leaked.
  • Accidental exposure: Developers may inadvertently include the API Key in error messages, logs, or other output that is visible to unauthorized users.
  • Third-party integrations: If the API Key is shared with third-party services or contractors without proper security measures in place, it could be compromised.
  • Insufficient access controls: If the API Key is not properly restricted in terms of who can access and use it, unauthorized users may gain access and leak it.
  • Phishing attacks: Social engineering attacks, such as phishing emails or fake websites, can trick developers into revealing their API Keys.

What are the risks of leaking a Cloudinary API Key

When it comes to secret management, the Cloudinary API Key is a crucial piece of information that must be protected at all costs. Leaking a Cloudinary API Key can have serious consequences, including:

  • Unauthorized access to your Cloudinary account
  • Exposure of sensitive data stored on Cloudinary
  • Potential financial losses due to misuse of your Cloudinary resources
  • Damage to your organization's reputation and trust with customers

It is important for developers to be aware of the risks associated with leaking a Cloudinary API Key and to follow best practices in secret management to prevent such incidents from occurring.

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Cloudinary API Key security best practices

  • Avoid embedding the secret directly in your code. Instead, use environment variables or secrets managers
  • Secure storage: store the Cloudinary API Key in a secure location, such as a password manager or a secrets management service.
  • Regular rotation: periodically rotate the API key to minimize the risk of long-term exposure.
  • Restrict permissions: apply the principle of least privilege by only granting the key the minimum necessary permissions.
  • Monitor usage: regularly check the usage logs for any unusual activity or unauthorized access attempts.
  • Implement access controls: limit the number of users who have access to the secret and enforce strong authentication measures.
  • Use a secrets manager: utilize secret management tools like CyberArk or AWS Secrets Manager for enhanced security.

By adhering to the best practices, you can significantly reduce the risk associated with Cloudinary API Key usage and improve the overall security of your Cloudinary API Key implementations.

Exposing secrets on GitHub: What to do after leaking Credential and API keys

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Cloudinary API Key leak remediation: what to do

What to do if you expose a secret: How to stay calm and respond to an incident [cheat sheet included]

How to check if Cloudinary API Key was used by malicious actors

  • Review Access Logs: Check the access logs of your Cloudinary API Key account for any unauthorized access or unusual activity. Pay particular attention to access from unfamiliar IP addresses (if you haven’t set up a specific allow list) or at odd hours.
  • Monitor Usage Patterns: Look for anomalies in the usage patterns, such as unexpected spikes in data access or transfer.
  • Check Active Connections and Operations: Review the list of active connections and recent operations on your database. Unusual or unauthorized operations might indicate malicious use.
  • Audit API Usage: If possible, audit the usage of your API key through any logging or monitoring services you have integrated with Cloudinary API Key. This can give insights into any unauthorized use of your key.

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Steps to revoke the Cloudinary API Key

Generate a new Cloudinary API Key:

  • Log into your Cloudinary API Key account.
  • Navigate to the API section and generate a new API key.

Update Services with the new key:

  • Replace the compromised key with the new key in all your services that use this API key.
  • Ensure all your applications and services are updated with the new key before deactivating the old one.

Deactivate the old Cloudinary API Key:

  • Once the new key is in place and everything is functioning correctly, deactivate the old API key.
  • This can typically be done from the same section where you generated the new key.

Monitor after key rotation:

  • After deactivating the old key, monitor your systems closely to ensure that all services are running smoothly and that there are no unauthorized access attempts.

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How to understand which services will stop working

  • Inventory of services: keep an inventory of all services and applications that utilize your Cloudinary API Key.
  • Communication and documentation: Ensure that your team is aware of which services are dependent on the key. Maintain documentation for quick reference.
  • Testing: before deactivating the old key, test your services with the new key in a staging environment. This helps in identifying any services that might face issues post rotation.
  • Fallback strategies: Have a fallback or emergency plan in case a critical service fails after the key rotation. This might include temporary measures or quick rollback procedures.

In summary, the remediation process involves identifying potential misuse, carefully rotating the key, and ensuring minimal disruption to services. Being proactive and having a well-documented process can greatly reduce the risks associated with a compromised API key.

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What about other secrets?

GitGuardian helps developers keep 350+ types of secrets out of source code. GitGuardian’s automated secrets detection and remediation solution secure every step of the development lifecycle, from code to cloud:

  • On developer workstations with git hooks (pre-commit and pre-push);
  • On code sharing platforms like GitHub, GitLab, and Bitbucket;
  • In CI environments (Circle CI, Travis CI, Jenkins CI, GitHub Actions, and many more);
  • In Docker images.

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Environment Variables
Environment Variables
Environment Variables

charge

nullable string

For card errors, the ID of the failed charge.

payment_method_type

nullable string

If the error is specific to the type of payment method, the payment method type that had a problem. This field is only populated for invoice-related errors.

doc_url

nullable string

A URL to more information about the error code reported.

request_log_url

nullable string

A URL to the request log entry in your dashboard.

charge

nullable string

If the error is specific to the type of payment method, the payment method type that had a problem. This field is only populated for invoice-related errors.

Hide
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child attributes

type

enum

For some errors that could be handled programmatically, a short string indicating the error code reported.

charge

nullable string

If the error is specific to the type of payment method, the payment method type that had a problem. This field is only populated for invoice-related errors.

Hide
Show
child attributes

type

enum

For some errors that could be handled programmatically, a short string indicating the error code reported.

payment_intent

nullable object

The PaymentIntent object for errors returned on a request involving a PaymentIntent.

setup_intent

nullable object

The SetupIntent object for errors returned on a request involving a SetupIntent.

Hide
Show
child attributes

type

enum

For some errors that could be handled programmatically, a short string indicating the error code reported.

Hide
Show
child attributes

type

enum

For some errors that could be handled programmatically, a short string indicating the error code reported.

CLIENT LIBRARIES

$ gem install stripe
$ pip install stripe
$ composer require stripe/stripe-php
MAVEN
<dependency>
  <groupId>com.stripe</groupId>
  <artifactId>stripe-java</artifactId>
  <version>24.16.0</version>
</dependency>

GRADLE
compile "com.stripe:stripe-java:24.16.0"
$ npm install --save stripe
$ go get github.com/stripe/stripe-go/v76
$ nuget install Stripe.net
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